Mazulkemer Aqueduct
Mazulkemer (“dismissed from office” aqueduct) is the first aqueduct of the Halkalı system. It has commonly been dated to the Roman and Byzantine eras, though recent surveys suggest it was likely built during the reign of Mehmet II. It is around 110 meters long and crosses Uzuncaova Stream. It is made of calcareous stone and has two tiers of arches, with 13 arches on the upper tier and 7 on the lower tier. Some of these arches are in ruins, while others show several phases of modification. The remains of three levels of terracotta pipes were also found in the aqueduct.
Sources
The Longest Roman Water Supply Line by Kâzım Çeçen
Sinan’s Water Supply System in Istanbul by Kâzım Çeçen
Bildlexikon zur Topographie Istanbuls: Byzantion, Konstantinupolis, Istanbul by Wolfgang Müller-Wiener
“The Water Supply of Constantinople” by Cyril Mango
“The Water Supply of Constantinople 2001-2002” by Richard Bayliss and James Crow
Resources
Aqueducts and Water Supply System of Constantinople Photo Album (Byzantine Legacy Flickr)