Perge was located on the coastal plain of southern Asia Minor in Pamphylia. Constantine I made Pamphylia a separate province with Perge as its capital. The ecclesiastical structure was more complicated, with inter-city rivalry provoking a 5th-century division into two provinces with Side and Perge as metropolitan sees. Extensive remains indicate considerable prosperity, esp. in the 6th century. Subsequent Arab attacks severely afflicted the cities of Pamphylia; some were abandoned, others became fortresses. After the battle of Mantzikert in 1071, Byzantine control rarely extended beyond Attalia.